The risks of improper lifting

When lifting improperly, construction workers put their bodies at risk of serious and long-lasting injuries. One of the most common issues is musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), which affect muscles, ligaments, and joints. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), back injuries account for up to 38% of all MSDs in the workplace. These injuries often occur when workers lift objects without proper body mechanics, such as bending from the waist instead of the knees.

Other potential injuries include:

• Herniated discs: Excessive pressure on the spine can cause discs to bulge or rupture, leading to chronic pain and restricted movement.
• Dislocations: Lifting heavy or awkwardly shaped objects can cause joints, particularly in the shoulders or knees, to dislocate under strain.
• Strains and sprains: Improper lifting techniques often result in overextension or tearing of muscles and ligaments, particularly in the back, shoulders, and wrists.

Beyond physical pain, these injuries lead to lost work time, decreased productivity, and high medical costs. Chronic back pain, in particular, can become a long-term disability, affecting up to 5% of workers who suffer from work-related back injuries. Therefore, it is crucial to use proper lifting techniques to reduce the risk of these injuries and maintain a healthy workforce.

Stages of lifting

Preparation

Before lifting any object, evaluate the task. Assess the weight and shape of the object to determine if you can lift it alone or need assistance. Ensure that the path you’ll walk is free from obstructions. Use mechanical aids, such as dollies or carts, when needed. Additionally, position yourself as close to the object as possible to reduce the strain on your back and legs. Warming up your muscles with stretches is another effective way to minimize the risk of injury before starting a lift.

Lifting

When lifting, bend at your knees and hips, not your back. Engage your core muscles, keeping your back straight and chest forward. Grip the object firmly, holding it close to your body at waist level to reduce the strain on your arms and back. Avoid jerky movements and ensure that your feet are stable. A smooth, controlled motion will prevent injuries and give you better control of the load. Do not twist your body; move your feet if you need to change direction during the lift.

Carrying

While carrying the load, maintain a balanced posture. Your shoulders and hips should stay aligned, and the object should be held close to your midline to prevent unnecessary strain. As with lifting, avoid twisting your body while carrying the load. If you need to turn, take small steps and pivot with your feet rather than rotating your torso.

Putting down

Setting down the load is just as important as picking it up. Reverse the lifting process by squatting down and bending at the knees and hips while keeping your back straight. Lower the object carefully, ensuring it remains close to your body during the descent. Use your legs to control the weight rather than allowing your back to bear the burden of the load. If necessary, kneel on one knee to lower the object more slowly and avoid sudden drops.

How to lift safely

Correct posture and technique can significantly reduce the stress on your spine and joints during lifting tasks. Here are ten essential steps to follow for safe lifting:

1. Create a stable base: Position your feet shoulder-width apart with one foot slightly forward to ensure balance and prevent uneven strain on your back.
2. Hold the load close: Keep the object close to your body, ideally between waist and shoulder height, to minimize stress on your lower back.
3. Maintain your back’s natural curve: Keeping your spine’s natural alignment helps distribute pressure evenly and avoids localized stress.
4. Bend at the knees: Engage your legs by squatting down to pick up the object, ensuring your spine stays aligned.
5. Engage your core: Tightening your abdominal and lower back muscles provides additional protection for your spine during the lift.
6. Keep your shoulders back: Rounded shoulders can strain your neck and upper back, so maintain an upright posture.
7. Push your hips back: Stick your hips out to prevent your pelvis from tucking under, which could cause rounding in your lower back and increase injury risk.
8. Get a secure grip: Hold the object firmly to avoid accidental slipping, twisting, or sudden shifts in movement that could result in injury.
9. Use your legs and glutes: The main power for lifting should come from your quads and glutes, not your back.
10. Breathe and relax: Hold a steady breathing pattern while lifting, and avoid tensing your muscles. Holding your breath can increase internal pressure and make lifting more difficult.

By incorporating these ten steps, you can safely lift and reduce the risk of musculoskeletal injuries, allowing you to work more efficiently and healthily.

Exercises to support better lifting (and less injury)

Building strength in key muscle groups is essential for improving lifting technique and reducing injury risk, especially for construction workers who handle heavy loads regularly. Below are some of the best exercises to strengthen the lower back, core, and legs, all of which play a crucial role in safe lifting.

• Single-arm suitcase squats: Holding a weight on one side, this exercise mimics the motion of carrying objects. It challenges your core, back, and obliques to maintain balance, promoting strength and stability for safe lifting under real-world conditions.
• Bird dog: A bodyweight exercise that improves stability and coordination by extending one arm and the opposite leg. This movement strengthens the lower back and core, helping you maintain posture while lifting and reducing strain on the spine.
• 45-degree back extensions: A focused movement for isolating the lower back, glutes, and hamstrings. This exercise promotes controlled movements and is especially beneficial for building muscular endurance without overloading the spine.
• Side plank: An effective core exercise that strengthens the obliques, lower back, and shoulders. Side planks enhance lateral stability, a key component for lifting safely, especially when handling uneven loads.
• Hip bridge: This exercise strengthens the glutes and lower back while improving hip mobility. It is excellent for reinforcing the muscles used in lifting by engaging the posterior chain, helping to prevent lower back strain during lifting tasks.
• Plank: A core-strengthening staple that targets the abdominal muscles, lower back, and shoulders. Planks enhance overall stability, supporting proper posture and spine alignment during heavy lifting.
• Romanian deadlifts: Learning the proper hip hinge mechanics is critical for safe lifting. That’s why this deadlift variation made the list—it simulates proper lifting mechanics while emphasizing control over the hamstrings and lower back.  

Bottom line

Lifting safely is essential for preventing injuries in physically demanding jobs. Using proper techniques and strengthening your core and lower back through targeted exercises can reduce the risk of strains, sprains, and long-term damage.

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Why safety matters

Safety protocols are lifesavers in the high-risk environment of construction. According to 2022 statistics from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the construction industry accounted for approximately 1,056 fatal work injuries in the United States, making it the second most hazardous sector. Similarly, in Canada, the Association of Workers’ Compensation Boards reported 183 fatality claims in the construction sector in 2022, making it the most hazardous sector in the country. 

These statistics highlight the pressing need for stronger safety measures and a change in the perceived culture to prioritize safety over productivity so we can protect workers from preventable accidents and injuries. This starts with awareness of where hazards lie.

10 most common construction hazards

1. Safety at heights

Working at elevated heights is a routine part of construction work, but it has significant risks that are often overlooked and undermined. Falls from ladders, scaffolding, roofs, or other elevated platforms are among the leading causes of fatalities in the construction industry. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, falls, slips, and trips accounted for approximately 38.4% of all construction-related deaths in recent years. This is due to a variety of reasons, from employers lacking a written fall protection plan to being unaware of the requirements for providing fall protection. Additionally, fall protection equipment on-site could be damaged, worn improperly, or not securely attached.

To mitigate these risks, it’s essential to:

• Use proper fall protection equipment: Always wear harnesses, install guardrails, and use safety nets when working above ground level.
• Conduct regular training: Ensure all workers are trained in the correct use of fall protection gear and understand safety procedures.
• Inspect equipment before use: Regularly check all fall protection equipment for signs of wear and tear to ensure it’s safe to use.
• Adhere to safety protocols: Never bypass safety procedures for convenience or speed.

2. Poor site cleanliness

A disorganized and cluttered construction site is dangerous and is one of the leading causes of fatalities on construction sites. Poor housekeeping can lead to trips, slips, and falls, resulting in entirely preventable injuries. Materials and tools left scattered around can cause workers to stumble, while spills of liquids like oil or water create slippery surfaces. Unsecured tools and materials can also fall from heights, posing a risk to those working below.

Improving site cleanliness involves several proactive steps:

• Implement regular clean-ups: Establish a daily or weekly schedule for tidying the site.
• Ensure proper waste disposal access: Provide adequate waste bins and ensure they’re emptied regularly.
• Organize storage areas: Keep tools and materials in designated spots to prevent clutter.
• Promote a culture of cleanliness: Encourage every team member to take responsibility for maintaining a clean work environment.

3. Ladders and scaffolding

Ladders and scaffolding are essential tools on construction sites but pose significant risks when misused. Falls from these structures are among the leading causes of injuries and fatalities in the industry. OSHA reports numerous scaffold-related accidents yearly due to improper assembly, overloading, lack of guardrails, and using damaged equipment.

To enhance safety, workers should receive proper training in setup and use, conduct regular equipment inspections for defects, adhere to weight limits, and ensure ladders and scaffolds are placed on stable, level surfaces.

4. Heavy machinery

Heavy machinery like forklifts, bulldozers, and excavators are used for construction tasks daily but can be dangerous if not operated correctly. In 2022, forklift accidents alone resulted in about 73 fatalities and 24,960 serious injuries that required time off in the U.S. Common hazards include collisions, tipping due to unbalanced loads, and mechanical failures, often exacerbated by poor visibility and operator inexperience.

To avoid these accidents, it’s best to ensure that only trained and certified individuals operate the machinery and follow operational speed and load capacity guidelines. In addition, it’s helpful to establish ways for clear communication between operators and ground workers so everyone is informed.

5. Hand hazards

Cuts, scrapes, broken fingers, and even amputations are serious risks when working with machinery on construction sites. According to the Liles White PLLC, there were 9,760 cases of nonfatal hand injuries reported in 2020. These injuries include cuts, lacerations, fractures, and amputations, often resulting from improper handling of equipment or the absence of protective gear. As automation increases, the number of machines capable of causing severe hand injuries will only grow, making vigilance more important than ever.

Focusing on changing behaviors and improving awareness is crucial to effectively reducing hand injuries in the workplace. This starts with being mindful of your surroundings before taking action. Often, workers fall into routines where they move or reach without fully observing their environment, leading to accidents. Workers can prevent many common hand injuries by consciously looking at and assessing the area before moving or handling objects.

6. Electrical hazards

Electrical hazards pose severe risks on construction sites, including shocks, burns, and electrocution. OSHA identifies electrocution as one of the “Fatal Four” leading causes of death in the construction industry. In 2021, electrocutions accounted for about 8 % of construction worker fatalities in the United States.

Exposed wires, faulty equipment, and working in wet conditions are the leading causes of these dangers. Many of these cases stem from treating electrical work casually and not accounting for all scenarios that could play out. Being more vigilant with safety measures, such as de-energizing circuits before work, using insulated tools, and following lockout/tagout procedures, will help reduce fatalities—this comes back to accountability on site. Regular electrical wiring inspections should be prioritized to help prevent electrical accidents and protect workers from harm.

7. Confined spaces

Confined spaces such as manholes, crawl spaces, and tanks present significant hazards on construction sites. These areas often have limited entry and exit points, poor ventilation, and may contain hazardous atmospheres, increasing the risk of suffocation, toxic exposure, or entrapment. According to OHSA, incidents in confined spaces can lead to multiple fatalities, especially when untrained personnel attempt rescue operations.

Implementing a permit-required confined space program helps ensure all necessary safety measures are in place. In addition, providing adequate ventilation and equipping workers with appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), such as respirators, will further safeguard their well-being.

8. Hazardous material exposure

Construction sites often involve hazardous materials such as chemicals, asbestos, and lead. Exposure to hazardous substances can lead to acute or chronic health issues, including respiratory diseases and cancers. Workers must be trained in properly handling, storing, and disposing of hazardous materials to minimize risks. A great tool to have on every site is the Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) based on the occupation. They provide basic safety guidelines for reference if a worker should ever forget.

9. Fire and explosion hazards

Due to flammable materials like solvents, fuels, and gasses, fire and explosion hazards are another concern on construction sites. Electrical faults, open flames, and improper storage of combustible materials can lead to devastating incidents. According to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), between 2017 and 2021, there was an annual average of 4,440 fires in structures under construction per year, resulting in $370 million in direct property damage.

To mitigate these hazards, it’s best to ensure:

• Proper storage and handling: Store flammable substances in designated, clearly marked containers and areas to prevent accidental ignition.
• Electrical safety: Ensure that all electrical systems are installed and maintained correctly to avoid faults that could spark fires.
• Fire safety training: Provide workers with training on fire prevention techniques, the proper use of fire extinguishers, and emergency evacuation procedures.
• No-smoking policies: Enforce strict no-smoking rules on and around the construction site to reduce ignition sources.

10. Manual handling

Manual handling tasks—including lifting, carrying, and moving materials by hand—are common in construction work. However, improper manual handling is a leading cause of lower back injuries among construction workers. These injuries often result from lifting heavy loads without proper technique, twisting while carrying objects, or handling awkward or bulky materials. Training on safe lifting practices and ergonomic techniques can significantly reduce the risk. Employers should encourage using mechanical aids like wheelbarrows, hoists, or forklifts to minimize physical strain. Exoskeletons and wearable technologies also provide manual support for construction work to reduce the risk of physical injury. 

Final thoughts

Safety on construction sites is not just a regulatory requirement—it’s a fundamental responsibility shared by everyone involved. The numerous hazards present are serious, but they can be managed effectively with awareness and proper precautions. As workers focus on building and improving the spaces where we live and work, safety should remain the prime focus of everyone involved.

The state of worker safety

Construction workers on roadways face significant dangers. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) reports that more than 850 people died in construction zone-related crashes in 2021, and many of the victims were road workers. Thousands more suffer serious injuries each year. These incidents are often caused by speeding, distracted driving, or failure to adhere to posted signage. With road construction projects increasing across the U.S., addressing safety issues for workers is more important than ever.

In addition to fatalities, there are an alarming number of non-fatal injuries. A study by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) found that construction workers are nearly three times more likely to suffer fatal injuries in work zones than the average worker. The construction industry, which employs over 7 million workers, sees a disproportionately high number of injuries and fatalities compared to other sectors, particularly when workers are exposed to public roadways. Safety measures must keep pace as infrastructure projects ramp up in various states.

State strategies to improve road workers’ safety

Several states have adopted strategic measures to reduce workers’ risks in response to growing concerns over work zone safety. These efforts focus on managing traffic speeds, imposing harsher penalties for dangerous driving behaviors, and increasing public awareness about the importance of careful driving through work zones.

Speed management

Speeding in construction zones is a leading cause of accidents. States have employed multiple strategies to manage traffic speeds and reduce the likelihood of collisions.

Speed reductions

Most states reduce speed limits in construction zones as a primary method for protecting workers. Temporary speed limit signs are placed prominently to ensure drivers know the required slow-down in these areas. In states like Pennsylvania, speed reductions in work zones have markedly decreased the severity and frequency of accidents. Slower speeds give workers and drivers more time to react to potential dangers.

To maximize compliance, flashing signs or speed feedback systems are often used. These systems show drivers their current speed as they approach the zone, encouraging them to adjust their speeds to safe levels before entering high-risk areas.

Variable speed limits

Some states have adopted variable speed limits, which adjust dynamically based on current traffic conditions, the presence of workers, or the time of day. These limits can be reduced during active work hours and returned to normal once the workers leave the site. This system, already in use in states like Colorado and Washington, allows for more tailored traffic control and minimizes disruptions while ensuring worker safety.

Automated penalties

Automated enforcement technologies are becoming more popular in many states, with speed cameras playing a pivotal role in monitoring driver behavior in construction zones. States like Maryland and Illinois have implemented automated penalty systems that issue citations to drivers caught speeding in work zones. 

By automating the process, law enforcement can hold more drivers accountable without needing a physical police presence in the zone, thus improving compliance with posted speed limits.

Studies have shown that when drivers know that automated enforcement is in place, they are far less likely to exceed speed limits, even without seeing a police officer on-site. This technology ensures consistent enforcement and contributes to fewer traffic stops, reducing potential traffic slowdowns in already congested zones.

Stricter penalties for dangerous driving behavior

In many states, fines and penalties for traffic violations in work zones are substantially higher than in normal traffic areas. For example, Texas doubles fines for speeding in work zones, while California imposes fines of up to $1,000 for reckless driving in these areas. These stricter penalties are intended to dissuade dangerous behaviors such as speeding, distracted driving, or aggressive maneuvers that could endanger workers.

Some states also penalize drivers for not obeying traffic control personnel or signals, with additional points added to driving records or potential license suspensions for repeat offenders. The threat of harsher consequences helps reinforce the importance of safe driving in construction areas.

Education and increasing public awareness

Public awareness is a critical piece of the safety puzzle. Drivers must understand the importance of staying alert and driving cautiously through work zones. To this end, states have launched educational campaigns to inform the public about the dangers of unsafe driving in these areas. 

For instance, California’s “Be Work Zone Alert” campaign uses billboards, TV ads, and social media to remind drivers to slow down and watch for workers. Virginia has a similar initiative called “Give ‘Em a Brake,” which emphasizes the need for extra caution in construction zones. These campaigns are designed to reach a broad audience and create a culture of safety around work zones.

Additionally, many states incorporate work zone safety education into driver’s license tests and defensive driving courses, ensuring drivers know these critical safety measures from the start.

Other ways to reduce roadway incidents

Several other strategies can be implemented to improve worker safety in construction zones beyond speed management and stricter penalties.

Improving worker visibility

High-visibility clothing and gear, such as reflective vests and helmets, make workers stand out to drivers. Many states require construction workers to wear brightly colored, reflective clothing to enhance their visibility, especially at night or during adverse weather conditions. Flaggers are also used in many work zones to direct traffic and improve communication between drivers and construction crews.

Portable lighting systems are sometimes installed to improve visibility during nighttime operations. These lights help drivers see workers and highlight any obstacles or equipment in the roadway.

Using safety technology

Technology continues to play an increasing role in protecting construction workers. Radar speed signs, which display drivers’ current speeds in real-time, have proven effective in encouraging drivers to slow down before they reach a work zone. More advanced technologies, like connected vehicle systems, can alert drivers about upcoming construction zones or lane closures, providing additional warning time and reducing the risk of collisions.

Another emerging technology is automated flagging assistance devices (AFADs). These devices can replace human flaggers, allowing remote control of traffic lights or signs in work zones, thus reducing the risk for workers on the ground.

Providing appropriate training

Proper training is essential for anyone working on or near public roadways. Workers must be fully aware of the hazards and the safety procedures designed to minimize risks. Many states require workers to complete safety training programs before entering a construction zone, including courses on operating machinery near traffic, flagging, and emergency response procedures.

Ongoing training is also important to ensure that workers remain up to date on the latest safety protocols and technologies. Some states, like New York, require periodic re-certification for workers involved in traffic control, ensuring that they remain vigilant and knowledgeable about best practices.

Bottom line

Enhancing safety for construction workers on roadways is an ongoing effort that requires a mix of strategies, including speed management, stricter penalties, public education, and the use of cutting-edge safety technologies. By adopting these measures, states can significantly reduce accidents and create safer environments for workers and drivers. As infrastructure projects expand, so must our commitment to protecting the people who build and maintain these essential roadways.

Quick look

• Workplace exhaustion increases the risk of accidents and injury, reduces productivity, slows reaction time, and impairs cognitive abilities.
• Fatigue impairment can result from repetitive tasks, long work hours, irregular shifts, or environmental factors like temperature. 
• Simple strategies to combat workplace fatigue include knowing the risks of exhaustion, optimizing shift schedules to reduce overtime, and integrating wearable technology to monitor workers’ health. 

The dangers of fatigue impairment

Fatigue creates a significant safety risk on job sites. When tired, people experience slower reaction times, reduced cognitive functioning, and impaired decision-making. For construction workers, this could mean missing a crucial step while operating heavy machinery or overlooking potential hazards, all of which can lead to serious accidents.

Increased risk of accidents and injury

Fatigue affects workers’ physical and mental abilities, putting them at higher risk for accidents. Studies have shown that the impairment caused by being overly tired is similar to that of being intoxicated. Research by the National Safety Council indicates that staying awake for more than 20 hours is the equivalent of having a blood alcohol content (BAC) of 0.08%, which is legally drunk in most states. 

This is alarming considering that a construction worker may be working long hours, sometimes extending into night shifts or overtime, increasing the likelihood of mistakes.

Less productivity

Fatigue compromises safety and impacts efficiency. Regardless of your industry, a tired worker may not perform tasks with the same speed or attention to detail as a well-rested one. The result? Projects take longer to complete, and errors that could have been avoided slow overall progress.

Slower reaction time

Reaction time is critical on a construction site where heavy equipment, fast-moving vehicles, and hazardous materials are present. Exhausted workers often struggle to respond quickly in high-pressure situations, increasing the potential for accidents. Tasks that require a quick response, such as controlling a crane or handling electrical equipment, become much more dangerous when a worker’s reaction time is impaired by fatigue.

Reduced information processing

Processing information accurately is essential for safe and effective construction work. Whether reading blueprints, following instructions, or calculating measurements, these tasks require full cognitive function. Fatigue diminishes this ability, making workers more likely to misinterpret important information or miss details, leading to costly errors or dangerous conditions.

Poor decision-making

The ability to make quick and sound decisions is another casualty of fatigue. A tired mind is more prone to lapses in judgment, resulting in risky behavior or failure to follow safety protocols. Research has shown that tired individuals are more likely to make impulsive or irrational decisions, which can have dangerous consequences on a construction site.

Causes of fatigue impairment

A variety of factors cause fatigue, and understanding these can help address the issue effectively.

Repetitive or strenuous tasks

Repetitive tasks, such as lifting heavy materials or hammering nails, can be physically exhausting, leading to faster fatigue. Likewise, tasks that require intense concentration or physical exertion can quickly wear a worker out, increasing the risk of fatigue-related accidents.

Extended work hours

Trades workers often face long shifts, especially when a project is behind schedule or requires 24/7 attention. These extended work hours contribute to workplace fatigue, as workers have less time to rest between shifts. The lack of adequate rest time can accumulate over days or weeks, making fatigue a persistent issue.

Irregular shift patterns

Night shifts or irregular working hours can wreak havoc on a worker’s sleep schedule, disrupting their body’s natural circadian rhythms. This misalignment between work hours and the body’s internal clock can lead to chronic fatigue, making it difficult for workers to stay alert and focused.

Temperature and noise

Environmental factors such as extreme temperatures and constant noise can also contribute to fatigue. Working in hot or cold weather requires the body to expend more energy to regulate temperature, while noise can interfere with concentration, leading to mental fatigue.

8 strategies to combat fatigue impairment

Addressing workplace fatigue requires a multi-faceted approach, from awareness to changes in work conditions. Here are eight strategies to help mitigate the impact of fatigue on job safety:

1. Know the risks

Understanding the risks associated with fatigue is the first step in managing it effectively. Workers and supervisors should be educated about how fatigue impairs safety and productivity. This knowledge can help teams recognize when someone might be too tired to perform their duties safely and take appropriate action before an accident happens.

2. Be aware of the signs of fatigue

Recognizing the early signs of fatigue can prevent accidents before they occur. Common indicators include yawning, irritability, difficulty focusing, and frequent mistakes. Workers should be encouraged to report these symptoms to supervisors and take breaks when necessary to avoid pushing through exhaustion.

3. Optimize shift schedules

Creating work schedules that allow for adequate rest is crucial to combat fatigue. Limiting the number of consecutive night shifts or extended workdays can give workers enough time to recover. Where possible, employers should design shift patterns that align with natural sleep cycles, helping workers stay alert and focused.

4. Get support

Employers can support workers by ensuring adequate rest breaks are built into the workday. Encouraging workers to take short breaks during long shifts can help alleviate physical and mental fatigue. Additionally, offering flexible schedules for workers with long commutes or family commitments can help them manage fatigue more effectively.

5. Effective communication

Clear communication between team members and supervisors is essential when dealing with fatigue. Workers should feel comfortable discussing their energy levels with supervisors without fear of retribution. Regular check-ins and open dialogue can help identify and address fatigue before it becomes a safety issue.

6. Suitable environment 

Work environments should be optimized to minimize factors that contribute to fatigue. Proper lighting, ventilation, and temperature control (when possible) can help keep workers comfortable and alert. Limiting exposure to excessive noise and extreme temperatures can also help reduce physical and mental strain.

7. Use technology to monitor fatigue

There are now wearable technologies and apps designed to monitor fatigue levels. These tools can provide real-time feedback on a worker’s physical condition, helping supervisors take preventive action when someone is nearing exhaustion.

8. Prioritize worker well-being

Promoting overall health and wellness can go a long way in combating workplace fatigue. Encouraging workers to exercise regularly, eat well, and maintain a healthy sleep schedule can improve energy levels and overall productivity. Offering resources such as wellness programs or fitness facilities on-site can support workers in maintaining their health.

Bottom line

Fatigue is a serious issue that impacts safety and productivity in the skilled trades. By recognizing the risks, being proactive about solutions, and fostering a supportive work environment, companies can reduce the likelihood of fatigue-related accidents. Addressing this issue is critical for maintaining a safe and efficient job site, whether through optimizing work schedules, creating more comfortable working conditions, or using technology to monitor fatigue.

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Day 1: How to protect workers from chemical and toxic substance exposure in the workplace

Learn how to protect workers from hazardous substances like dust, solvents, and mold on construction sites. Explore OSHA guidelines, common toxins, and effective strategies for reducing exposure, including PPE, engineering controls, and workplace practices to ensure safety.

Read the full story

Day 2: Why safety culture should be a priority for worker retention

Discover how prioritizing workplace safety can boost employee retention, job satisfaction, and morale. Learn how a strong safety culture reduces turnover, enhances productivity, and fosters trust within organizations, leading to long-term success.

Read the full story

Day 3: Hand injuries on the job: Prevention and safety tips for construction workers

Hand injuries are common in construction, affecting hundreds of thousands of workers each year. Learn about the types of hand injuries, their costs, and effective prevention strategies, including proper PPE, training, and safety protocols based on OSHA’s hierarchy of controls.

Read the full story

Day 4: Strategies to boost construction worker safety on roadways

Learn effective strategies to improve construction zone safety, including speed management, stricter penalties, and public awareness campaigns. Discover how states are working to protect construction workers from high-risk traffic environments, reduce accidents, and ensure safer roadways for all.

Read the full story

Day 5: The dangers of carbon monoxide exposure

Learn the dangers of carbon monoxide poisoning, its causes, symptoms, and how to protect yourself and your family. Discover essential safety tips like proper ventilation, CO detectors, and regular appliance maintenance to prevent CO exposure.

Read the full story

Day 6: Top 10 OSHA violations every construction site should avoid

Discover the top 10 most common OSHA violations in construction and how to avoid them. From fall protection to machine guarding, learn how to ensure workplace safety, prevent fines, and protect your workers from serious injuries.

Read the full story

Day 7: Trench cave-ins: A danger zone

Trench cave-ins are one of the most dangerous risks on construction sites. Learn about the causes of trench collapses and how to prevent them with proper sloping, shoring, trench boxes, and more. Discover key safety guidelines to protect workers and avoid fatal accidents.

Read the full story

Day 8: Essential guidelines for preventing electrical hazards

Electrical hazards are a leading cause of accidents on construction sites. Learn about the most common risks—such as electric shock, burns, and fires—and discover key prevention strategies like risk assessments, training, and safety measures to ensure worker safety and reduce injuries.

Read the full story

Day 9: Ensuring crane safety: How the NCCCO leverages technology to minimize risks

Explore how the NCCCO is enhancing crane safety in the construction industry through innovative technologies like proximity sensors, load management systems, and fatigue monitoring. Learn how these advancements are reducing risks and improving safety standards on job sites.

Read the full story

Day 10: Fatigue and safety in construction: How to combat workplace exhaustion

Fatigue is a major safety risk in high-risk industries like construction, leading to accidents, injuries, and productivity loss. Learn effective strategies to combat fatigue, including optimizing schedules, recognizing signs of exhaustion, and using technology to monitor workers’ health for a safer, more efficient workplace.

Read the full story

Day 11: Top 10 workplace safety hazards

Explore the critical importance of safety culture in the construction industry, highlighting common hazards like falls, heavy machinery accidents, electrical risks, and more. Learn how strict safety protocols, training, and hazard awareness can protect workers and reduce injuries on construction sites.

Read the full story

Day 12: The proper lifting technique that keeps construction workers safe

Avoid workplace injuries with proper lifting techniques in construction. Learn key steps for safe lifting, how to protect your back, and exercises to strengthen muscles, ensuring long-term health and reduced downtime on the job.

Read the full story

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Cranes play a critical role in construction. Due to their high task difficulty, it’s not surprising that the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI) reported that of the nearly 5,500 fatal occupational injuries in 2022, the second highest number of fatalities occurred in the construction industry. In addition, the costs associated with a crane-related fatality amount to over $4 million, according to the Konecranes Training Institute. 

Founded with a mission to improve crane safety through education and research, the NCCCO Foundation has consistently pushed for higher standards in training, certification, and safety practices. Through its initiatives, including a partnership with the National Safety Council (NSC), the organization has contributed to a notable decline in crane-related incidents year over year. Today, the NCCCO is using technology to further advance safety efforts, with tools and systems designed to detect potential hazards and prevent accidents before they happen.

The role of technology in crane safety

Innovative technologies have made it possible to address some of the most common hazards in crane operations, including load management, operator fatigue, and equipment malfunctions. According to a recent report by the NSC, these technologies include camera systems, load rotation devices, proximity sensors, and ground-penetrating radar. By integrating these tools into daily operations, crane operators can receive real-time alerts about potential risks, allowing them to take immediate corrective actions.

For example, proximity sensors can detect nearby obstacles or personnel in the crane’s operating range, alerting the operator to their presence. This helps prevent collisions and minimizes the likelihood of accidents, especially in congested job sites. Similarly, load management systems ensure that cranes operate within safe weight limits by continuously monitoring the load’s weight, distribution, and stability.

Technological initiatives

The NCCCO’s commitment to crane safety goes beyond certification and training; the organization actively promotes using advanced safety technologies that minimize risks in crane operations. One of the key initiatives highlighted in the NSC report is the use of camera systems and ground-penetrating radar to help assess job site conditions. Camera systems enhance visibility in blind spots, while radar can detect underground hazards like utilities or voids, reducing the risk of accidents.

Additionally, fatigue management systems, another technology promoted by the NCCCO, use sensors to monitor an operator’s physical condition and alert them when they may be at risk of exhaustion. This proactive approach helps prevent accidents caused by fatigue, which is a common factor in crane-related incidents.

The Foundation’s collaboration with regulatory agencies ensures that emerging technologies are accessible and meet high safety standards. By promoting technological advancements in crane safety, the NCCCO sets a benchmark for safety practices across the industry and demonstrates its commitment to protecting lives and advancing the industry’s safety culture.

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Quick look

• The construction industry faces one of the highest dangers from electrical hazards, with inadequate training and a lack of hazard recognition contributing to this.
• Electric shock and burns from contact with live wires, exposure to arcing, and fires from faulty equipment or installation are some of the most common causes of electrical injuries.
• Human beings are more conductive than the ground, meaning live electricity can cause serious damage if a person becomes part of a live electrical circuit.
• Electrical risk assessments, proper training, and the implementation of safety measures are the easiest ways to reduce the risk of electrical hazards.

Dangers of electricity

Electricity, while essential on construction sites, poses significant risks when not properly managed. The construction industry faces one of the greatest dangers from electrical hazards, with most accidents occurring due to inadequate training and a lack of hazard recognition. These hazards include the potential for electric shock, burns, and even fatal accidents, often resulting from direct contact with live wires or faulty equipment. 

Awareness is critical to protect against these dangers. Understanding the risks associated with electricity enables workers to take necessary precautions, spot hazards early, and ensure a safer working environment.

5 main electrical hazards

Electrical hazards on construction sites are numerous and can lead to severe injuries or fatalities if not correctly managed. Here are the five main electrical hazards to be aware of:

1. Electric shock and burns from contact with live parts: One of the most common electrical hazards, electric shock occurs when a person comes into direct contact with live electrical components. Depending on the voltage and duration of exposure, it can result in severe burns, muscle contractions, or even cardiac arrest.
2. Injury from exposure to arcing: Arcing happens when electricity jumps from one circuit to another, creating intense heat and light. This phenomenon can cause burns, ignite fires, and lead to explosions, especially in environments with flammable materials.
3. Fire from faulty electrical equipment or installations: Faulty wiring, overloaded circuits, or malfunctioning electrical devices can easily start a fire. Electrical fires can spread quickly, causing extensive damage and risking lives.
4. Explosion caused by unsuitable electrical apparatus: In specific environments, especially those with flammable vapors or dust, unsuitable or poorly maintained electrical equipment can cause explosions. These explosions can have devastating consequences, both in terms of human life and property damage.
5. Static electricity igniting flammable vapors or dust: Static electricity can build up and discharge in environments where flammable vapors or dust are present, such as in spray paint booths or grain silos. This discharge can ignite the combustible materials, leading to explosions or fires.

Injuries from electrical currents

When a person becomes part of an electrical circuit, the body can suffer severe injuries because it is more conductive than the ground. Four primary types of injuries resulting from electrical currents are electrocution (fatal), electric shock, burns, and falls.

These injuries can occur in several ways:

• Direct contact with live conductors can disrupt vital signals in the body, potentially stopping the heart or breathing.
• When electricity “arcs” jump to a person who is grounded, it can cause severe burns and shocks.
• Thermal burns can result from the heat generated by an electric arc, damaging both internal and external tissues.
• Arc blasts can release pressure waves that cause physical injuries or hearing loss.
• Muscle contractions or shock responses can lead to falls from ladders or scaffolding.

How to prevent electrical hazards

Preventing electrical hazards on construction sites is crucial for the safety of workers and to avoid accidents. A comprehensive approach includes proper electrical risk assessments, thorough training, and the implementation of effective safety measures. Here’s how to tackle each aspect:

Electrical risk assessments

Conducting regular electrical risk assessments is the first step in identifying and mitigating potential electrical hazards. This process involves inspecting all electrical systems, equipment, and installations on-site. Look for damaged or exposed wiring, overloaded circuits, improper grounding, and malfunctioning equipment. It’s essential to assess the severity and likelihood of each identified hazard, prioritize them, and implement control measures such as repairing faulty equipment, improving insulation, and ensuring proper grounding. Regularly reviewing these assessments helps keep the worksite safe as conditions change​.

Training

Training is vital in reducing the risks associated with electrical hazards. Workers must receive training on recognizing electrical hazards, using personal protective equipment (PPE), and following safety protocols. This training should cover the basics of electrical safety, including properly handling electrical tools, the importance of not working in wet conditions, and how to respond to an electrical emergency. It’s also essential to provide site-specific training that addresses the unique electrical risks of the particular job site​.

Implementation of safety measures

To further prevent electrical hazards, several safety measures should be implemented:

• Lockout/Tagout (LOTO): Ensure equipment is properly de-energized before maintenance or repair work. A multi-lock system can prevent accidental energization when multiple workers are involved​.
• Use of ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs): GFCIs can prevent electrocution by cutting off the electrical supply if a ground fault occurs. These should be used, especially in wet or damp environments​.
• Proper use of PPE: Workers should always wear appropriate PPE, such as insulated gloves, safety glasses, and non-conductive boots when working near electrical hazards. This equipment helps protect against shocks, burns, and other injuries​.
• Use of non-conductive tools: When working on or near electrical systems, using tools made of non-conductive materials like fiberglass or plastic can prevent accidental electrical contact​.
• Emergency response planning: Having a well-defined emergency response plan is critical. This plan should include procedures for dealing with electric shocks, electrical fires, and other emergencies. Workers should be trained on these procedures and have access to first aid equipment​.

Key takeaways

Keeping construction sites safe from electrical hazards is all about good planning, proper training, and sticking to safety rules. Regular checks of equipment, using the right protective gear, and ensuring everyone knows the risks can go a long way in preventing accidents. Staying vigilant and being prepared for emergencies can significantly lower the chances of electrical incidents on the job.

In construction, following these regulations isn’t just about avoiding legal trouble—it’s essential for creating a safe and efficient workplace. Ignoring OSHA standards can lead to serious consequences, like heavy fines or, worse, injuries and fatalities. 

Here are the most common OSHA citations and how to avoid them.

10 most common OSHA citations

10. Machine guarding

Standard number: 1910.212

Number of violations: 1,635

Machine guarding violations occur when machinery parts like rotating components, nip points, or sparks are not adequately shielded to prevent worker injury. This remains a persistent issue across various industries, particularly manufacturing. Improper or missing guards can expose workers to severe risks such as amputations, burns, or crushing injuries. Employers must ensure that all machines are properly guarded and regularly inspected to avoid these costly violations and safeguard employees.

9. PPE and lifesaving equipment

Standard number: 1926.102

Number of violations: 2,064

Personal protective equipment (PPE) violations are common when employers fail to provide or maintain adequate gear like face shields, goggles, or hard hats. These violations expose workers to serious hazards such as chemical burns, falling debris, or inhalation risks. Roofing contractors are frequently cited for failing to equip their workers properly. Ensuring all employees are outfitted with the correct PPE is essential to reducing risks on the job​.

8. Fall protection training

Standard number: 1926.503

Number of violations: 2,109

This violation arises when employees are not provided with adequate training on fall protection systems, putting them at risk of serious injury or death from falls. Proper training is critical for employees who work at heights, yet many companies fail to provide it. Ensuring all employees are trained and retrained as necessary can drastically reduce the risk of falls, one of the leading causes of workplace fatalities​.

7. Respiratory protection

Standard number: 1910.134

Number of violations: 2,493

Respiratory protection violations happen when employees are not provided with adequate respirators or training for environments with airborne hazards such as dust, fumes, or gases. Failing to conduct fit tests or provide medical evaluations can lead to long-term health consequences for workers, particularly in industries like automotive and construction.

6. Lockout/tagout

Standard number: 1910.147

Number of violations: 2,539

Lockout/tagout violations occur when companies fail to implement or enforce proper procedures for controlling hazardous energy during machine maintenance. Without these safeguards, workers can be injured by machinery’s unexpected startup, which can cause serious injuries. Following the required protocols and performing regular inspections of energy control procedures is crucial.

5. Powered industrial trucks

Standard number: 1910.178

Number of violations: 2,550

The Powered Industrial Trucks standard focuses on safely using equipment like forklifts. Violations occur due to improper operator training, unsafe handling, and neglecting equipment maintenance. Ensuring proper training, regular inspections, and adherence to safety protocols can prevent accidents​.​

4. Scaffolding

Standard number: 1926.451

Number of violations: 2,835

Scaffolding violations are common and often involve improper setup or lack of fall protection measures. Workers using scaffolds are at high risk of falling if guardrails and other safety measures are not in place. Following OSHA’s scaffolding safety standards can help prevent these avoidable accidents​.

3. Ladders

Standard number: 1926.1053

Number of violations: 2,950

Ladders are one of the most frequently misused tools on construction sites. Violations of this standard often involve using defective ladders, overloading them, or failing to secure them properly. These issues frequently result in falls, making ladder safety a critical focus for any work at height​s.

2. Hazard communication

Standard number: 1910.1200

Number of violations: 3,227

This standard refers to the control of hazardous energy during machine maintenance and servicing. Violations occur when proper lockout/tagout procedures are not followed, leading to the risk of machinery unexpectedly starting and causing serious injuries. Proper training, regular inspections, and enforcing procedures can significantly reduce these risks.

1. Fall protection, general requirements

Standard number: 1926.501

Number of violations: 7,188

Consistently, the most cited OSHA violation is fall protection violations, which involve the failure to provide adequate protection for workers working at heights. This includes not installing guardrails or safety nets or using harnesses. Falls remain one of the leading causes of workplace fatalities, particularly in construction. Addressing these violations can save lives and reduce injuries.

Bottom line

Staying compliant with OSHA standards isn’t just about avoiding fines—it’s about keeping your team safe and healthy. Many of these violations, like fall protection and machine guarding, are entirely preventable with a little extra care and proactive planning. By regularly training your employees, conducting safety inspections, and sticking to established procedures, you can prevent accidents before they happen.

What is carbon monoxide poisoning?

Carbon monoxide poisoning occurs when CO gas builds up in the bloodstream, replacing oxygen in red blood cells. This can lead to tissue damage, severe illness, or, in more serious cases, death. 

CO is produced when fuels like gas, wood, coal, or oil are burned incompletely. Since CO is invisible and odorless, it’s difficult to detect without specialized equipment, making it particularly dangerous in enclosed or poorly ventilated spaces.

Causes of CO poisoning

CO poisoning can occur in various settings, especially where fuel-burning equipment is used. Certain job sites and situations are particularly risky:

• Enclosed spaces: Poorly ventilated areas, such as garages or workshops, can trap CO, leading to dangerously high concentrations.
• Car, truck, and forklift engines: Running engines in enclosed spaces, like garages or warehouses, can quickly lead to CO buildup if not adequately ventilated.
• Generators and air compressors: These machines are often used indoors during power outages or construction work, posing a CO risk if the space is not adequately ventilated.
• Power washers and power concrete trowels: These tools are typically powered by gas engines, which can emit CO if used in enclosed areas.
• Chain and chop saws: When used in poorly ventilated spaces, these saws can produce enough CO to be dangerous.
• Boilers, kilns, and heaters: These appliances, especially if faulty or improperly ventilated, can release CO into living or working spaces.

Health effects of carbon monoxide exposure

Carbon monoxide exposure affects the body by preventing oxygen from reaching tissues and organs. The severity of the effects depends on the concentration of CO and the duration of exposure. Short-term exposure can cause symptoms like headaches and dizziness, while long-term exposure can lead to severe health complications or death. 

Certain groups are at higher risk of CO poisoning, including:

• Elderly individuals: Age-related health issues can exacerbate the effects of CO. If an elderly individual already has heart problems or difficulty breathing, then exposure to CO can be hazardous.
• Infants and young children: Their smaller bodies are more susceptible to CO poisoning, so even a low level of CO can be life-threatening.
• Pregnant women: Exposure to CO can affect the developing fetus, leading to developmental issues. 
• People with chronic health conditions: Those with heart disease, anemia, or respiratory problems may experience more severe effects as their bodies are already struggling to get enough oxygen.
• Immunosuppressed individuals: Weakened immune systems can lead to more severe reactions to CO exposure.

Symptoms of CO poisoning

The symptoms of CO poisoning can vary depending on the level of exposure. The concentration of the gas in the air and the length of time a person has been exposed can dramatically affect the type and severity of symptoms. Some of the most common symptoms of CO poisoning include:

• Headache
• Dizziness
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Chest pain
• Confusion
• Weakness
• Shortness of breath
• Blurred vision
• Loss of consciousness

These symptoms can be easily mistaken for the flu, food poisoning, or other illnesses, making it crucial to consider CO exposure, especially if multiple people in the same environment exhibit similar symptoms.

Carbon monoxide is eventually breathed out of the body, but dangerously high levels can be fatal. Approximately four hours after the person has stopped being exposed to the gas, roughly half of the CO in the body will have been breathed out. 

How to reduce exposure risk

Preventing CO poisoning involves several strategies, and knowing how to stay safe while on the worksite is crucial.

1. Proper ventilation

Ensure proper ventilation in spaces where fuel-burning appliances are used. Never run engines or generators indoors. Where ventilation is limited, ensure you wear proper PPE with respirators. 

2. CO detectors 

Install CO detectors in homes, workplaces, and any area where CO exposure is possible. Regularly check and replace the batteries. Detectors should be completely replaced after 5-7 years. 

3. Regular maintenance

Keep appliances, engines, and other fuel-burning equipment in good condition. Poorly maintained equipment often emits more carbon monoxide. Regular inspections can catch potential CO leaks before they become dangerous. Checking your equipment to see if it can be fitted with emission control devices can also help reduce emissions. 

4. Safe use of equipment

Follow manufacturer guidelines when using fuel-burning tools and appliances, especially in enclosed spaces. Ensure adequate ventilation and that your equipment operates optimally without any leaks or faults. It is also important not to leave equipment running when it’s not in use, as that creates unnecessary exposure to CO. 

5. Educate yourself and others

Awareness of CO poisoning risks and symptoms is possibly the best (and easiest) strategy to prevent accidents. Symptoms can mirror other common ailments like the flu, so consider CO poisoning a possibility when there is a possible risk of exposure. Ensure that all household members or coworkers know the dangers and how to respond in an emergency.

Bottom line

By understanding CO risks and taking proactive measures, you can significantly reduce the chances of CO poisoning in your home or workplace. Ensure your equipment is operating at optimal levels, ensure adequate ventilation, and wear proper PPE if ventilation is limited. Know the dangers and protect yourself.

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While injuries can sometimes be an inevitable part of working in construction, these injuries can lead to time off work and come at a high cost to employers. OSHA’s hierarchy of controls provides guidelines for worker protection from most to least effective.

Hand injuries in construction are common

According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, hand injuries account for approximately 20% of all work-related injuries. Our hands are used in virtually everything we do, often put in vulnerable positions and situations on the job site. Even taking precautions, the unforeseen can quickly lead to accidents and injuries.

Common hand injuries

• Lacerations are the most common type of hand injury, usually caused by sharp objects or tools. They also typically occur due to improper gloves or no gloves at all.
• Crush injuries happen when a worker places their limb within a pinch point that closes. A pinch point is where you can get caught between moving and stationary equipment.
• Fractures often occur from machinery accidents, falling objects, or other hazards. They are broken bones, and there are two types: closed fractures, where no skin is broken, and compound fractures, which are open with broken bones penetrating the skin.
• Punctures occur when pointed objects pierce the skin. They could be from any source, like spurs from damaged metal cables, nails, or splinters from lumber. Wearing proper gloves for the task is vital to avoid punctures.

Less common hand injuries

• Amputations are less common but often the most traumatic. Amputations occur when limbs are completely severed from the body.
• Stiff joints usually occur from repetitive motion injuries.
• Nerve damage can occur when the median nerve is compressed, usually caused by repetitive hand movements while using tools.
• Paralysis occurs when you lose functionality in your hand(s). It occurs when messages from the brain are interrupted as they travel to your hand and prevent movement. Paralysis can be caused by injury or illness, such as neck or spinal cord injuries.
• Burns can be caused by heat, electrical, or chemical contact and can vary in severity. Some may require minor medical attention, while others may need surgery to repair the skin.

Implications of hand injuries

Workers suffer after hand injuries due to pain and suffering, loss of mobility and function, and possible loss of work. Employers also suffer from loss of productivity and possible temporary replacement of the injured worker. OHS Canada puts the average cost for each lost-time hand injury at $7,500.

The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics data on hand injuries from 2021-2022 shows a breakdown of various factors relating to hand injuries. Most injuries occurred due to contact with an object or equipment, hand tools, and machinery. Cuts, lacerations, and punctures were the most common hand injuries.

Older workers often need up to 14 days to recover, and the compensation cost for lacerations and punctures came to nearly $31,000 per claim. In 2017, almost 10,000 workers missed days due to soreness and other pain from repetitive tasks and frequent hand movements that disrupted productivity.

Indirect costs of hand injuries include wages not covered by workers’ compensation, administrative time spent by supervisors, employee retraining or replacement costs, lost productivity, loss of morale after injury, and accommodations of injured employees.

Preventing hand injuries doesn’t start with PPE

PPE is the least effective control method for worker protection based on OSHA’s hierarchy of controls. 

1. Elimination
2. Substitution
3. Engineering controls 
4. Administrative controls
5. PPE 

Elimination: This is the most effective control method. Although not always possible, designing the workplace with safety in mind can reduce incidents. Some ways to minimize injury are eliminating blindspots, controlling foot traffic in storage locations around moving equipment, and utilizing automated-guided vehicles and conveyors to mitigate workers entering hazardous areas.

Substitution: This refers to replacing hazardous equipment or processes with safer methods. For example, fork trucks can be replaced with powered walk-behind forklifts or hand trucks.

Engineering controls: These controls refer to isolating people from hazards with pedestrian aisles, barriers, and walkways to keep pedestrians away from dangerous situations. They also include adding mirrors at blind corners and motion detectors/alarms, limiting access to buildings, and limiting the speeds of mobile equipment.

Administrative controls: This can involve putting warning lights and backup alarms on mobile equipment or sensors on forklifts to sense objects and pedestrians. Procedures and training, limiting access to machine operation areas, providing appropriate training and awareness, requiring headlights, and coordination between people and forklift operators for specific tasks like inventory are also administrative controls to reduce injury incidence.

PPE: Requiring workers and visitors to wear appropriate personal protective equipment for job sites or tasks is the least effective control method but must be mandatory for all job sites. This can include high-visibility vests, safety glasses, appropriate gloves, hard hats, and safety boots. 

Tips to prevent hand injuries on the job site

1. Eliminate the hazard

When possible, eliminate the hazard from human reach. Keep hands out of the hazardous zone by utilizing objects like a push stick or pike pole. If possible, use lock-out tag-out (LOTO) to completely shut off equipment.

2. Proper safety training

Never perform a task you haven’t been trained to do. If unsure, ask for training to proceed. Never agree to unsafe work, always insist on proper planning and training with each job task for everyone’s safety.

3. Hand protection

The cost of supplying a high volume of gloves to workers is relatively high for employers, but injuries cost more in the long run. Data shows that roughly 70% of workers who received a hand injury weren’t wearing gloves, and the other 30% had inadequate/damaged or the wrong type of gloves. Not all gloves are made the same, nor for every job.

• Leather gloves provide great protection against rough surfaces and sharp edges that can cut or puncture. They are best for equipment handling and general construction.
• Cotton gloves improve grip, insulate from heat or cold, and provide some protection from cuts. They are best for light-duty and general material handling.
• Kevlar is highly cut-resistant when wet. These are best for working with metal and glass.
• Dyneema fiber is an ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) glove. It offers advanced protection with gel-spun, multi-filament fibers. It’s best for metalwork, automotive, and heavy equipment.
• Spectra fiber is another ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber that is cut-resistant when wet. It’s best for metalwork, automotive, food preparation, and warehouse work.
• Metal mesh is made of interlocked stainless-steel mesh and offers advanced protection against cuts and punctures. It’s best for metalwork, food preparation, and textile cutting.

4. Be aware of your surroundings

Always be aware of what’s around you and where your hands are. Stay alert and be mindful of moving equipment and pinch points. It’s also important to pay attention to who is around you that could be at risk.

5. Shortcuts

Avoid shortcuts to finish the job faster—work at your own pace. The frequency of hand injuries is proportional to how fast you work. Do a risk assessment for the task, regardless of whether your employer requires one. 

6. Job safety analysis (JSA)

A job safety analysis (JSA) identifies and records the steps involved in a specific task. It may include potential safety/health hazards and how to reduce/eliminate them, who may get injured during the task, determined level of risk, types of injuries, how frequent the exposure is, and what safety gear is needed for optimal protection.

Learning from hand injuries and prevention

Safety should be the number one priority for both employers and workers. While the cost of hazard mitigation may seem high, it’s quickly outweighed by the cost of injuries, time away from work, and loss of employees. Following OSHA’s hierarchy of controls offers a simple way to reduce the number of injuries and accidents, but it’s not a be-all. Proper training and awareness are also essential to ensure worker safety.