Under the Hard Hat

Tag: Featured

Tia Perry and AEC Unites: Empowering Black professionals in construction

The architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry, like many, is greatly lacking in diversity, equity, and inclusion. White workers dominate these spaces, leaving Black professionals underrepresented and underpaid. That’s where Tia Perry, Executive Director at AEC Unites, comes in.

AEC Unites works to facilitate opportunities for Black professionals and Black-owned businesses. Under The Hard Hat’s contributing writer, Mariah Moore, sat down with Tia to discuss the racial disparity in the market, how AEC Unites is making an impact in the industry, and how we can achieve a more equitable future. This article is a short summary of the topics and questions covered over the interview.

The full interview is available to watch here:

UTHH: I would love to just start out by hearing a bit about your career trajectory. Where did you start, and how did you land at AEC Unites?

Tia: “I started in the association nonprofit space about 20 years ago, but I’ve recently found my passion for diversity, equity, and inclusion, and particularly within the architecture, engineering, and construction industries. I led DEI efforts early on for the Associated Builders and Contractors, starting back in 2015.

That experience really sparked my curiosity around creating equitable pathways, and eventually led to me transitioning to their full-time DEI director. Along the way, I discovered my love for working with minority contractors. Their creativity, resilience, and innovation constantly inspired me.

I also really fell in love with the workforce development side of the work. We often hear about the labor shortage in construction. But now that I’m involved in the space I’ve realized the amazing opportunities that are available. I feel like it’s my responsibility to share what I learned and pull others up as I continue to grow.”

UTHH: Speaking of AGC Unite, what is the mission?

Tia: “Our mission at AEC Unites is to provide intentional opportunities for Black talent and Black-owned businesses. We have two focus areas. Talent is the first one, and that’s diversifying the talent pipeline in architecture, engineering, and construction. The other side of the work is equipping and empowering Black-owned businesses in this space with the resources that are needed to win work. We work to curate connections and new business opportunities and to help them scale”

Tia Perry and the Turner Team.

UTHH: When was AEC Unites founded, and which areas does it serve?

Tia: “Conversations about AEC Unite started back in 2020, shortly after the murder of George Floyd. Our organization was founded by Deryl McKissack. I encourage you to Google Deryl and her family’s rich history in the architecture, engineering, and construction industries. AEC Unites by Deryl’s passion for using her network, industry peers, and resources to really drive positive change.

We officially launched in October of 2023. AEC Unites is fairly new. Our national office is located in Washington, D.C., and for now, we only represent the United States. But maybe someday that vision will grow internationally. Our office is located in D.C. and we have members all over the country.”

UTHH: We’d love to talk about specifically the disparity that we’re seeing in the industry. What does the disparity between Black and White professionals in AEC look like in pay or representation?

Tia: “Great question. The disparities between Black and White professionals, particularly in architecture, engineering, and construction, remain significant in terms of representation and compensation. As of 2023, Black or African-American individuals are amongst the most underrepresented group in architecture, making up approximately 1% of the architecture population.

In construction, Black workers held only 7% of all AEC jobs, even though they represented 13% of all workers. And so by contrast, White workers comprise 77% of the workforce, and hold 87% of all construction jobs, and 83% of architecture and engineering jobs.

As it relates to compensation disparities, in 2023, the median weekly earnings for Black workers stood at $967 compared to $1,157 for White workers. So, we are still plagued by the wage gap.

It remains top of mind for us as an industry that’s directly working to advance diversity, equity, and inclusion. There are several reasons for this difference. I think it comes down to education and experience, but there are still a lot of systemic barriers and a lot of discriminatory practices happening in construction.”

UTHH: What specifically does your role involve, and what does your day-to-day look like?

Tia: In my day-to-day, I wear a lot of hats, not necessarily a hard hat. But I’m a strategist, an advocate, a connector, an implementer. And my days range from meetings with members to support a project that they’re bidding on, or a meeting with a corporate partner who’s interested in learning more about AEC Unites, or maybe it’s navigating procurement.

Sometimes it’s mentoring students who are exploring careers in this space. I also lead strategy development. I oversee all the programming and ensure we’re moving our mission forward in measurable ways.”

UTHH: How exactly does AEC Unites facilitate opportunities for black professionals and black owned businesses?

Tia: “On the business side, we host pitch events-and we have several opportunities throughout the year for our members to showcase their work. One of the great highlights of my career was facilitating a black business mixer during Construction Inclusion Week last October. We gave six of our members the opportunity to pitch their businesses, and we invited the key industry to listen to hear about their capabilities.

AEC hosted event.

We also elevate supplier diversity best practices and connect firms with contracting opportunities. So when an organization joins AEC Unites that’s a minority owned firm, we work to highlight their capabilities, and we dedicate a marketing campaign to elevate their brand and showcase the value they bring to the industry.

One of the things I’m most excited about is our Opportunity Hub, set to launch in July. It will serve as a centralized online platform where our members can log in to discover upcoming projects and opportunities in the pipeline.

We’re also partnering with Historically Black Colleges and Universities to support the next generation of AEC professionals. Currently we have two partnerships, one with Florida A&M University and Prairie View A&M University. As part of these partnerships, we formed a focus group with the students enrolled in ACE-centered majors. We sat down for an informal conversation to better understand how we can support their growth.”

Focus group hosted by AEC Unites.

UTHH: For companies that are looking to be more inclusive, or if they have a new DEI initiative, what’s one concrete step you recommend that they take?

Tia: “I would start with intentionality. I think a lot of folks get caught up in saying that they’re advancing DEI, with a statement on our website and a pledge. But is it integrated in every facet of your organization? Is it part of your safety culture? Are you people really embodying an inclusive culture?

Give it the support that it needs and the resources, whether that’s a budget or a full-time person, even in today’s climate, you may have to pivot in some capacity but continue the work. Be intentional with your impact, your resources, and if you’re not sure where to start you can join AEC Unites.”

UTHH: What advice would you give to a young Black professional looking to get into the AEC space?

Tia: “There are tons of resources out there. We have a talent resource center on our website. Right now, it has internships and financial aid resources and the resources are growing by the week. But I would start by finding a mentor. If you’re in high school, ACE Mentor is an amazing resource. They’re an MOU partner of AEC Unites.

I would also add to do your own research, because every industry has its own set of misconceptions. Oftentimes, it relates to construction and the misconceptions that it is a dirty industry. And there’s an innocent ignorance about the technology, the BIM, the innovative careers in construction. The industry has so much to offer. There is literally something for everyone. So just be open-minded, keep working hard, and just utilize the resources that are out there.”

UTHH: Is there anything else you would like to share about the mission?

Tia: “I would say that AEC Unites will continue to move the needle forward as it relates to advancing DEI. I know that the current political climate is challenging for many organizations that support DEI, particularly those involved in federal work because of the current Executive Orders. However, pivot but continue the work. Whatever that means to your company culture.

I would encourage them to join AEC Unites and support us and the work that we do. We’re impacting lives. We are supporting students. We empower and help scale minority-owned businesses and the work’s going to continue.

I would just say lean in and help us make the world a better place. As cliché as it sounds, but I mean, literally it is. We’re making the industry a better place.”

Thanks to Tia for taking the time to speak with Mariah and Under the Hard Hat about such an important topic. Learn more about AEC Unites here, and connect with their company page on LinkedIn.

If you’d like to hear more from industry leaders discussing architecture, engineering, and construction, subscribe to the newsletter and follow us on LinkedIn!

July 2, 2025
Rosendin electric robot triples solar panel installation speed

As utility-scale solar farms expand across the United States, construction firms are racing to find faster, safer, and more streamlined ways to meet rising demand. In Texas, Rosendin Electric is using robotics to automate the once-manual process of solar panel installation, saving time, reducing labor strain, and increasing jobsite safety. By deploying custom-designed robotic systems on large solar projects, the company is pushing the boundaries of what’s possible in clean energy construction.

Image sourced from Rosendin Electric

Speed and scalability are significant factors in the race towards clean energy, and Rosendin Electric is stepping up to the challenge with a cutting-edge robotic solution. One of the nation’s largest electrical contractors, the company has unveiled a custom-built robot designed to automate the installation of solar panels at utility-scale job sites.

Rosendin’s solar installation robot is a purpose-built machine mounted on a modified track system. It uses robotic arms and suction systems to pick up solar modules, align them with substructures, and place them precisely. Traditionally this process required large teams of workers to install in repetitive and physically demanding roles.

The robot isn’t just high-tech; it delivers significant jobsite benefits. On average, Rosendin’s system can install up to 12 panels in the time it takes a traditional crew to install just one. That kind of speed translates directly into reduced project timelines and cost savings for large solar farms. And because the robot can work continuously without fatigue or injury, it also improves consistency and quality.

Here’s a look at how it works in the field.

Beyond speed, safety is a major factor driving the shift. Manual panel installation often involves repetitive lifting, bending, and handling of heavy materials in intense weather conditions, which can lead to common injuries and strains. Rosendin’s robot removes those risks by doing the heavy lifting itself, keeping human workers in safer supervisory and support roles. This innovation is especially valuable during labor shortages, as it reduces dependency on large on-site crews and helps offset workforce constraints.

“Automation provides a safer, faster means of deploying solar installations in locations like this,” said Rosendin Electric senior vice president David Lincoln, referring to Texas’ rough environment during a demonstration of the robotic panel installation.

For the solar industry, this robotic leap is a glimpse into a smarter future. As the U.S. ramps up investment in renewable infrastructure, utility-scale solar projects are getting bigger, faster, and more complex. Automation solutions like Rosendin’s allow companies to scale without sacrificing quality or safety.

“We’re proud to lead the way in solar construction innovation,” said Rosendin representatives in their recent demonstration video. “This robot is just one of the many tools we’re deploying to make solar energy more accessible and efficient.”

While still early in deployment, Rosendin’s robotic installer reflects a broader shift in the construction industry, where robotics and AI are being used as valuable tools for improving productivity.

Want more news on construction innovation? Subscribe to our newsletter for expert takes on the tools, tech, and trends shaping the future of construction.

July 1, 2025
LGA Architecture: Designing spaces that shape communities

LGA Architecture, based in Toronto, is known for creating spaces that bring people together while focusing on sustainability. Their portfolio covers housing, education, and community-based projects that enhance the social fabric of neighborhoods. Each project reflects a thoughtful approach to meeting the needs of diverse users while addressing environmental and cultural challenges.

LGA Architecture focuses on sustainable practices that reduce environmental impact while creating designs that improve the quality of life for occupants. For example, many of their projects incorporate energy-efficient systems and designs that promote natural light and ventilation. This brings a more natural feel to their buildings while reducing the carbon footprint. They are also conscious about the reuse of materials in their builds.

LGA’s many projects highlight this approach and show that even in small spaces, design can maximize livability. To make sure they maximize client satisfaction, their design process involves all parties involved. This early engagement gathers feedback and ongoing dialogue to address concerns and adapt plans to best suit client needs. The result are spaces that strengthen community ties, promote inclusivity, and instill a lasting sense of pride. By fostering these connections, LGA’s work leaves a positive and enduring impact.

Project highlights

Alexandra Park Revitalization

Source: LGA

Located in downtown Toronto, the Alexandra Park Revitalization project transformed an outdated public housing complex into a vibrant, mixed-income community. The design blends affordable and market-rate housing while preserving the cultural identity of the neighborhood. The inclusion of community spaces and green areas encourages social interaction, contributing to a safer and more connected environment.

Laurentian University McEwen School of Architecture

Source: LGA

The McEwen School of Architecture in Sudbury, Ontario, reflects LGA’s commitment to sustainable design and cultural sensitivity. The building integrates Indigenous knowledge systems and traditional materials, creating a learning environment that respects the region’s cultural heritage. Its use of local resources and energy-efficient practices demonstrates how architecture can balance functionality with environmental responsibility.

Scarborough Civic Centre Branch Library

Source: LGA

LGA designed the Scarborough Civic Centre Branch Library to feel warm, open, and connected to its surroundings. The building sits low with sloped green roofs and large windows that bring in natural light and views of mature oak trees. Inside, the space is open and flexible, with wood columns and angled ceilings that create a calm, inviting place to learn and gather.

To explore more of LGA’s innovative work, visit LGA Architecture, and for more stories on impactful architecture and construction, subscribe to our newsletter.

June 23, 2025
NECA: How they support electrical contractors across the industry
The National Electrical Contractors Association (NECA) has been a cornerstone of the electrical construction industry since 1901. Initially formed by a group of contractors at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, NY, NECA continues to empower electrical contractors by providing education, resources, and advocacy. It supports contractors with a variety of resources to improve business decisions and workforce management.

NECA plays a key role in setting safety and performance standards. Its members are known for their expertise in traditional and integrated electrical systems, consistently delivering top-tier results. NECA also offers extensive training and education to make sure contractors stay ahead of technological advancements and regulatory changes.

At the federal level, NECA advocates for electrical contractors in policy decisions. This advocacy helps protect the interests of contractors while promoting fair labor practices and advancing safety standards. NECA’s efforts on Capitol Hill have led to regulatory changes that have benefited over 70,000 contractors.

Membership benefits

Members are provided access to industry-leading resources including:
- Management courses
- Technical publications
- Networking events
- Safety training programs
NECA serves a wide range of electrical contractors, from small businesses to large firms operating across multiple regions. Its members employ over 500,000 electrical workers who contribute to building and maintaining critical infrastructure. NECA’s efforts have benefited many clients as high standards are expected for anyone part of the association. For serious electrical contractors looking to start and grow their business, this association provides all the resources and connections you need to succeed.

Want to to stay informed about the latest associations shaping the construction industry? Subscribe to our newsletter at Under the Hard Hat.
June 16, 2025
Leading methods to make concrete construction more sustainable
Concrete is one of the least sustainable industries, contributing to almost 10% of global CO2 emissions. However, because demand is only rising, new materials and methods in concrete construction are crucial for reducing the industry’s overwhelming carbon footprint. Sustainable methods include pre-cast components, greener cement, CCUS, and water conservation. Implementing these methods will reduce greenhouse gas emissions and ultimately save resources.

Quick look
- Cement production accounts for 8% of the world’s total CO2 emissions.
- Concrete sustainability is twofold: greener materials and efficient production.
- Methods for making concrete production more sustainable include pre-casting, green cement, CCUS, and cement recycling.
- Companies leading the charge in concrete sustainability include Cemex, Carbon Cure, Holcim, Nilebuilt, and Tarmac.
Why sustainability in concrete matters

Concrete has been an integral cornerstone of the construction industry for decades. It’s reliable, accessible, and adaptable, making the demand only continue to grow in tandem with the commercial and residential building market. Roughly 30 billion tons of cement are produced every year globally, with projections set to increase.

The problem is that it’s a bigger contributor to greenhouse gas emissions than we think. It’s said that if the concrete industry were its own country, that country would be Earth’s third or fourth-largest emitter of CO2.

More sustainable methods of concrete or concrete-like materials must be implemented as soon as possible. This will significantly reduce harmful emissions, reduce waste in the industry, and significantly improve the industry’s impact on climate change.

Environmental effects of concrete

The damages caused by concrete production are twofold. First, the production process is incredibly energy inefficient, and second, once the concrete is set, it creates an environmental warming effect.

Put simply, concrete is one of the world’s biggest polluters and is the second most widely used material after water. Almost half of the CO2 emissions are produced during cement production, the most energy-intensive part of making concrete. Other facts about concrete’s environmental impact include:
- Cement production accounts for 8% of the world’s total CO2 emissions.
- The manufacturing process is increasingly energy-intensive as demand grows, increasing the carbon footprint.
- Waste, such as dust and sludge, is created during manufacturing and contributes to air and water pollution.
- Cement production is the third largest source of industrial air pollution, releasing nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide into the air.
Some companies are beginning to advance in concrete sustainability. Many geographic regions and countries, like Canada, are committing to making concrete production and distribution greener.

5 methods to make concrete more sustainable

Construction companies can make concrete production more sustainable by modifying the materials and manufacturing process. As the demand for sustainability rises with the demand for concrete, new techniques and materials may emerge, but here are the most widely used methods today.

1. Pre-cast building components

Precast concrete construction involves producing components of a structure from cement offsite, transporting them, and later installing the pieces whole on site. This prefabrication process is becoming increasingly popular in residential and commercial construction because it saves time and reduces waste from building materials.

The pre-cast method functions like a “print on demand” method, building only what is needed. Pouring, forming, and curing the cement requires minimal time and energy, which means less wasted time, energy, and materials and more cost savings for construction companies. Pre-cast wall panels and beams are two common examples of how this technique is being implemented today. Once produced offsite, they can be quickly and predictably maneuvered into place.

2. Green cement mixes

“Greener,” more eco-friendly cement mixes combine standard cement base materials with recycled materials. To lower the cement’s overall environmental impact, this mix sometimes comprises alternative cementitious materials like silica fume, slag cement, or fly ash. By implementing these more natural materials, greenhouse gas emissions are lowered in production, thereby decreasing environmental impact.

One company committed to using cementitious materials over traditional concrete is NileBuilt Corp. NileBuilt constructs sustainable houses that can withstand natural disasters. They do this by using advanced composite materials that are entirely fire-resistant and generate as much power as the house uses through PV solar panels, eliminating utility bills. It’s net-zero housing costs with sustainable concrete construction.

3. CCUS

Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technology captures CO2 emissions from cement manufacturing and repurposes them into new materials or stores them for later use. Like the pre-cast method, this approach is innovative as it ensures material is made with purpose or re-used. It’s no-waste, curbs greenhouse gas emissions, and enables more avenues for recycled carbon products.

Cemex is a leading concrete company employing more sustainable production practices like CCUS. They strive to streamline their manufacturing processes and become a completely net-zero CO2 company by 2050.

4. Optimize cement production

Many elements of the production process are tricky. Pouring concrete, for example, can be complicated due to unpredictable weather conditions that affect the curing process. There’s also a risk of human error during pouring and other production phases, and inaccurately forming components wastes time, material, and money.

Common methods of optimization include modular construction and 3D concrete printing. Modular construction involves leveraging prefabricated components, like precast, which reduces time, material usage, and on-site work. 3D printing is becoming increasingly common in concrete, allowing for more precision, efficient material use, and innovative, material-minimal designs.

5. Cement recycling and water conservation

Recycling concrete reduces the need to produce new raw materials and lowers waste, energy, and labor. Crushed concrete aggregate is now commonly used in cement mixes and as base materials for roads and other pavements. Contractors and construction companies increasingly deconstruct concrete aggregate to reuse it in new or refurbished projects.

Concrete production is also a water-intensive process. Employing water-reducing mixtures and reusing process water in concrete plants will significantly diminish the overall environmental impact of water waste.

Things to consider

These sustainability methods seem like an obvious next step in the evolution of the concrete industry, but what prevents every company from employing them?
- It’s costly: Some greener materials are less in demand, less produced, and less distributed because they are less widely used. This typically means increased costs. In addition to material costs, if your company requires new machinery or equipment to implement sustainable practices, an upfront cost comes with it.
- Implementation is slow: New sustainability methods mean more training, re-doing safety and education practices, and slowly re-optimizing workflows with different resources.
- Labor shortages: The trade industries are experiencing a labor shortage, and new practices potentially require new teams with specialty skills. Combating the labor shortage is time-intensive or unfeasible for some construction companies.
5 companies making cement greener

1. Cemex

Cemex prioritizes sustainable construction through specially engineered and manufactured concrete products tailored for specialty applications like bridges, harbors, and industrial sites. Their solutions prioritize durability and resistance to harsh weather. Cemex also offers specialized concrete for housing and commercial buildings, which includes lightweight and self-compacting options. This enhances energy efficiency, reduces waste, and minimizes vibration and noise.

2. Carbon Cure

Carbon Cure integrates recycled CO2 into its concrete mixes, transforming it into a mineral that enhances concrete strength. They inject CO2 into the material during the mixing process, and a chemical reaction between calcium ions and CO2 forms calcium carbonate. This process dramatically reduces CO2 emissions and enhances the end product’s durability.

3. Holcim

Holcim offers various sustainable concrete solutions, including its low-carbon concrete line, ECOPact. It is also involved in many sustainability initiatives to reduce CO2 emissions in cement production, like using alternative fuels and developing more efficient kilns. Holcim invests in technologies to reduce the growing carbon footprint of traditional concrete production. It implements alternative materials like slag and fly ash and develops new binders requiring less energy. The company also launched its Sustainable Construction Academy to empower professionals across the construction industry with the skills needed for more eco-friendly practices.

4. NileBuilt

NileBuilt Homes uses cementitious materials in their construction and is committed to producing net-zero energy homes, meaning they leave no operational carbon footprint. Their cementitious homes are durable and aesthetically appealing, and also made to withstand harsh weather and natural disasters.

5. Tarmac

UK-based Tarmac offers their low-carbon Topmix Permeable concrete solution and various sustainable aggregates. Tarmac also participates in sustainability initiatives to improve construction resource efficiency. Additionally, they recycle their concrete products and reduce water waste in manufacturing.

Bottom line

Concrete may be one of the most detrimental materials to the environment. Still, by implementing practices like CCUS, greener cement mixes, and cement recycling, the impact on greenhouse gases and CO2 will slowly shrink. Companies like Cemex, Tarmac, and Holcim spearhead the new wave of concrete sustainability. In the next few decades, we’ll likely see a steady increase in similar practices without compromising quality and design.

Like this and want more content like it? Subscribe to our weekly newsletter and follow us on LinkedIn for the latest in sustainable building and construction.
June 9, 2025
Project abandonments spike in 2025 with private sector hit hard

A sharp rise in abandoned construction projects is hitting the industry hard this spring. According to ConstructConnect’s latest Project Stress Index (PSI), March 2025 saw a 9.5% increase in project abandonments, the highest jump in over a year. The data suggests that although some projects are moving forward, a troubling number are being shelved altogether, leaving contractors, designers, and suppliers reeling.

Unfinished residential high-rise construction with crane. Photo via Shutterstock.

Private sector project abandonments hit all time high

Not all sectors are being impacted equally. The report shows that for every public project abandoned in March, nearly two private ones were scrapped. That imbalance points to deeper uncertainty among private developers, who may be more sensitive to interest rate pressure, financing limitations, and shifting demand in commercial real estate.

ConstructConnect’s Chief Economist, Michael Guckes, pointed to rising construction loan costs and economic uncertainty as likely culprits. While interest rates have held relatively steady in early 2025, the lingering impact of past hikes continues to echo throughout the market.

Commercial projects are proving especially vulnerable. Office construction continues to decline, and warehouse development is slowing after several years of explosive growth. Retail projects are also on shakier ground, particularly in areas that saw overbuilding during the pandemic recovery.

A mixed picture: fewer delays, more cancellations

March brought a curious contradiction: while project abandonments surged, the number of delayed and paused projects dropped. Delayed projects fell by 0.7%, and on-hold projects dropped by 8%. On the surface, that might sound like good news. However, when coupled with the abandonment spike, it suggests that many projects previously paused or delayed are now being canceled outright rather than revived.

In other words, some developers may be done waiting. Instead of pushing timelines further into 2025 or 2026, they’re pulling the plug. It’s a decision that sends ripples across the trades, affecting everyone from engineers and architects to framing crews and suppliers who rely on steady pipelines of work.

What this means for contractors in 2025

Construction professionals on active job sites might not feel the effects immediately. But planners, estimators, and anyone responsible for business development or preconstruction should take note. When projects vanish from the pipeline, competition for remaining work intensifies. Margins also shrink with resources tied up in preconstruction that may never convert to revenue.

That means contractors need to adjust bidding strategies, watch market signals more closely, and strengthen their client relationships to ensure early involvement in the projects that do go forward.

There’s no clear signal yet that this spike will continue through Q2. But the fact that abandonment rates jumped at the same time delays and pauses declined is worth watching. It could mark a shift in developer behavior. That can help with planning, but also means less time to prepare when projects disappear.

If federal interest rate cuts materialize later in the year, as some predict, it could breathe new life into some dormant plans. But for now, the pressure is on for anyone working in planning, preconstruction, or business development to adapt quickly.

Want more construction updates like this? Sign up for our newsletter at underthehardhat.org/join-us and stay ahead of the trends that are shaping job sites and project pipelines across North America.

June 3, 2025
The top 10 most expensive cities to build in

Building costs in major global cities have skyrocketed, and it’s not hard to see why. Limited land availability, high labor costs, and strict building regulations make construction much more expensive, especially in cities such as Hong Kong, London, and New York. For developers, these challenges can turn a simple project into a costly venture.

The 10 most expensive cities to build in

London, England

London is one of the priciest places to build, and it all comes down to a few key factors. First, land costs are through the roof, with so much demand and so little space to build on. Then, you’ve got tight building codes that add extra layers of complexity and cost to any project. On top of that, there’s a shortage of skilled labor, which drives wages up. When you put it all together—limited space, tight rules, and higher wages—it’s no surprise that London sits high on the list of expensive cities to build in.

Geneva, Switzerland

Geneva’s construction costs are some of the world’s highest, largely due to a few key factors. Wages in Switzerland are generally very high, so labor costs for construction projects quickly add up. Geneva also has strict environmental regulations that builders must follow, which can slow down projects and increase costs with eco-friendly materials and energy-efficient systems. To top it off, the city’s competitive real estate market drives demand, making everything from land to materials more expensive. Geneva’s strong emphasis on green building standards and practices only adds to the price tag.

Zurich, Switzerland

Zurich is no stranger to high construction costs, and a big reason is Switzerland’s overall high labor costs. Skilled workers in Zurich are well-paid, making any building project pricier from the start. On top of that, Zurich is known for its tight building standards, emphasizing quality and precision, so meeting these requirements often leads to more expensive materials and longer timelines. The city also faces a land shortage, which makes available plots highly competitive and expensive, driving up development costs even further.

Munich, Germany

Munich’s booming economy is one of the main reasons construction costs are so high. With businesses thriving, there’s a huge demand for new buildings, particularly in the commercial sector, which pushes prices up. On top of that, local regulations are very rigorous, adding more complexity—and cost—to any construction project. Land in Munich is also expensive, thanks to its popularity and limited availability. Altogether, these factors make building in Munich a pricey endeavor for developers.

New York City, New York

New York City is notorious for its sky-high construction costs, and there are a few reasons why. First, land in the city is incredibly expensive, especially with the constant demand for prime real estate. Construction labor shortages also play a big role, increasing wages and making projects costlier. Add to that the city’s complex building regulations, and even a simple project can become a financial headache. With NYC’s iconic skyline and the constant push for new developments, it’s no wonder the Big Apple ranks among the most expensive places to build.

San Francisco, California

San Francisco’s tech boom has driven real estate prices through the roof, making land some of the country’s most valuable—and expensive. As a result, construction costs have skyrocketed to match. On top of that, the city’s location on the San Andreas Fault means that builders must use specialized techniques and materials to ensure structures can withstand seismic activity, which adds even more to the cost. With the high demand for development and the added expense of earthquake-resistant designs, building in San Francisco is expensive.

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Philadelphia’s construction costs are rising, and several factors contribute to that. Rising labor expenses are a big driver, as the city’s skilled workforce comes at a premium. Regulatory requirements and building codes also add to the expense, particularly in older neighborhoods where infrastructure upgrades are often needed before new projects can even begin. As Philadelphia’s real estate market continues to grow, the increasing demand for residential and commercial developments further pushes construction costs, making it a pricier city to build in.

Copenhagen, Denmark

Copenhagen is known for its high construction costs, and there are several reasons why. Denmark’s strong labor unions mean that wages are relatively high, driving up labor costs for any project. The city also has strict building codes that must be followed, adding complexity and expense to construction plans. On top of that, Copenhagen strongly focuses on sustainability, so eco-friendly construction methods and materials are often required, which can be more expensive than traditional options.

Hong Kong

Hong Kong is one of the most densely populated cities in the world, and with such limited land available, construction costs are sky-high. The city’s steep terrain adds another layer of complexity, often requiring advanced engineering solutions that drive up prices even more. Labor and material costs are also higher due to Hong Kong’s booming economy, making every aspect of a building project more expensive. With all these challenges combined, it’s no wonder construction in Hong Kong comes with such a hefty price tag.

Bristol, England

Built around the River Avon, Bristol’s construction costs have climbed in recent years, mainly due to high demand for housing that has outpaced supply. Labor shortages in the construction industry are another big factor, leading to higher wages and increased project costs. The city’s dedication to preserving its rich historical architecture also means that many building projects face complex building codes and additional expenses to maintain Bristol’s unique character. On top of that, there’s a growing emphasis on sustainable building practices, which can add extra layers of cost to any construction effort.

Building in these cities is not for the faint of heart (or wallet). Whether you’re a developer or just curious, understanding these cost drivers can provide valuable insights into the global construction landscape.

June 2, 2025
10 global companies leading the shift to sustainable construction

As the world moves toward greener initiatives, construction companies are embracing sustainability like never before. The construction sector has traditionally been resource-intensive, with significant environmental impacts. However, increasing demands for energy efficiency, reduced waste, and carbon neutrality are reshaping the industry, pushing companies to adopt technologies and methods that align with long-term sustainability goals. Firms like Skanska and Laing O’Rourke are leading the way with innovative techniques and eco-conscious practices that set a benchmark for the industry.

The rise of green building

The construction industry has long been criticized for wasteful practices and high carbon emissions, but things are taking a turn. More companies are now integrating renewable energy, energy-efficient designs, and green materials. Governments and private organizations are setting stricter standards, promoting the adoption of low-carbon building techniques and advanced waste management systems. Technology like Building Information Modeling (BIM) and 3D printing enables companies to optimize resources and reduce waste. As a result, sustainability is becoming a central focus for large-scale projects and smaller developments. This shift meets global environmental goals and addresses consumer demand for greener infrastructure.

Top 10 global companies in sustainable construction

10. Laing O’Rourke

Market cap/revenue: £2.5 billion (2023)

Employees: 12,000+

CEO: Ray O’Rourke

Founded: 1978

Laing O’Rourke prioritizes sustainability through energy-efficient designs and reducing carbon emissions across its projects. The company focuses on modular construction techniques, which minimize material waste and accelerate project timelines. It also emphasizes digital tracking systems to measure and lower emissions on-site. Projects like the Thames Tideway Tunnel highlight its commitment to protecting natural ecosystems while delivering impactful engineering solutions. Through innovative approaches and a focus on sustainability, Laing O’Rourke is setting new standards for construction practices.

9. Skanska

Market cap/revenue: SEK 170 billion (2023)

Employees: 30,000+

CEO: Anders Danielsson

Founded: 1887

Skanska is a global leader in sustainable construction, leveraging renewable energy and cutting-edge design to reduce environmental impacts. The company’s projects frequently achieve LEED certification, highlighting their adherence to stringent environmental standards. Notable initiatives include the development of net-zero energy buildings and advancements in eco-friendly materials. This dedication extends to its supply chain, ensuring all partnerships align with environmental objectives.

8. Turner Construction

Market cap/revenue: $15 billion (2023)

Employees: 10,000+

CEO: Peter J. Davoren

Founded: 1902

Turner Construction excels in green building projects, helping to shape cities with minimal environmental impact. Its expertise spans energy-efficient HVAC systems, solar-powered designs, and extensive use of recycled materials. Turner has contributed to major developments like the Levi’s Stadium, a sustainable sporting venue that meets rigorous environmental standards. The company also prioritizes collaboration with architects and engineers to innovate in energy-saving technologies. Turner’s approach ensures its projects benefit the environment and the communities they serve.

7. Bouygues Construction

Market cap/revenue: €13 billion (2023)

Employees: 58,000+

CEO: Olivier Roussat

Founded: 1952

Bouygues Construction leads in sustainable infrastructure development, with projects focusing on renewable energy and reduced material waste. The company pioneered smart building systems integrating renewable energy sources and intelligent energy management. Its efforts to reduce the carbon footprint of large-scale developments are setting benchmarks for the global construction sector. Bouygues also invests in training programs to equip employees with green building expertise.

6. Strabag

Market cap/revenue: €16 billion (2023)

Employees: 75,000+

CEO: Thomas Birtel

Founded: 1835

Strabag’s commitment to sustainability is evident in its renewable energy projects and low-carbon construction methods. It actively invests in research to develop innovative solutions for reducing emissions across its supply chain. The company’s participation in Europe’s largest onshore wind farm project in Austria exemplifies its leadership in sustainable infrastructure. Strabag also works on eco-friendly urban developments, ensuring long-term benefits for communities. The company is paving the way for future-focused construction by embracing green technologies.

5. Acciona

Market cap/revenue: €7 billion (2023)

Employees: 38,000+

CEO: José Manuel Entrecanales

Founded: 1931

Acciona is renowned for its renewable energy and green construction practices. The company is responsible for large-scale projects, including solar power plants and sustainable water treatment facilities. Its buildings integrate geothermal and solar energy systems, making them highly energy-efficient. One of Acciona’s signature projects, the Palma Convention Center, combines eco-conscious design with functional architecture. Acciona also actively reduces water usage across its developments, cementing its position as a pioneer in sustainable construction.

4. WSP Global

Market cap/revenue: CAD 10 billion (2023)

Employees: 65,000+

CEO: Alexandre L’Heureux

Founded: 1959

WSP Global emphasizes sustainability in its engineering and design services. The company collaborates on projects ranging from renewable energy systems to environmentally friendly urban infrastructure. Its work includes net-zero buildings and green urban developments that prioritize long-term efficiency. WSP’s innovative designs ensure minimal environmental disruption while meeting modern architectural needs. By integrating renewable resources into its plans, WSP creates infrastructure that benefits urban growth and natural habitats.

3. Balfour Beatty

Market cap/revenue: £8 billion (2023)

Employees: 25,000+

CEO: Leo Quinn

Founded: 1909

Balfour Beatty excels in creating eco-friendly infrastructure like rail systems, commercial buildings, and renewable energy facilities. The company focuses on reducing its carbon footprint through energy-efficient designs and waste management systems. Its use of alternative materials and renewable energy has made significant strides toward greener construction. Balfour Beatty also emphasizes stakeholder engagement to align its goals with community sustainability efforts.

2. Foster + Partners

Market cap/revenue: N/A (privately held)

Employees: 1,500+

CEO: Norman Foster

Founded: 1967

Foster + Partners is an architectural firm known for its groundbreaking designs emphasizing sustainability. The firm integrates green materials, renewable energy, and efficient waste management into its buildings. Their projects, such as the Apple Park campus and the Bloomberg London headquarters, are celebrated for reducing carbon footprints while maintaining cutting-edge functionality. Foster + Partners continues to inspire the industry by demonstrating how thoughtful design can merge with environmental stewardship, setting a benchmark for innovation in sustainable architecture worldwide.

1. Mighty Buildings

Market cap/revenue: N/A (privately held)

Employees: 100+

CEO: Slava Solonitsyn

Founded: 2017

Mighty Buildings is at the forefront of sustainable construction with its 3D-printed, energy-efficient homes. The company uses innovative materials and automation to reduce waste and accelerate build times. Its modular homes offer cost-effective solutions without compromising environmental standards. Mighty Buildings’ projects focus on achieving net-zero energy consumption while providing stylish and durable housing. This company redefines the potential for sustainable housing worldwide.

Bottom line

These companies demonstrate how the construction industry is advancing toward greener and more resource-efficient practices. From cutting-edge architectural designs to innovative construction methods, they set new benchmarks for sustainable construction. Their efforts reduce environmental impact and inspire others in the industry to follow suit.

Staying informed about these trends is crucial for understanding where construction is headed. Be sure to subscribe to our newsletter at Under the Hard Hat for updates on the latest sustainable construction developments and insights into the industry’s future.

May 26, 2025
The future of safety in construction with Raffi Elchemmas

Construction has long had one of the highest rates of injuries and fatalities across any industry in North America. While safety compliance and processes could become more stringent to help mitigate these issues, true change starts with construction safety culture.

Staff writer Mariah Moore sat down with Raffi Elchemmas, Executive Director of Safety, Health, and Risk Management at the Mechanical Contractors Association of America (MCAA), to discuss the past, present, and future of safety in construction. Here’s where the industry has started, and what it’s going to take to continue to make lasting change.

UTHH: We would love to talk a bit about your career, Raffi. What got you into construction and safety?

Raffi: “The path isn’t very linear for me. I went to Michigan State University to study kinesiology and human kinetics. I was an athletic trainer while I was there, and loved it. But I knew by the end of my time there that I loved health and the safety aspect of what I was doing the most.

I eventually went back and got my MBA in Chicago and went to work one summer for a tool manufacturer. At this point, I’m a certified ergonomist with a health background, and they asked me if I could take a look at how workers were getting injured using their tools. We created a program that helped redesign tools to be safe for workers. After 8 years making the tool industry safer in North America, I’m currently on the executive team at the MCAA, which represents 3,000 mechanical contractors who employ 375,000 workers in all areas of health and safety.”

UTHH: What did safety culture look like at the beginning of your career, and how has it evolved?

Raffi: “When I first started in safety, much of what jobsite safety looked like was simply regulatory compliance. That is to say, employers and workers alike viewed safety through simply following the rules. If you focus on compliance, you’ll fail. What our industry has found is that high injury rates are a sign of a lack of operational excellence, and you must go beyond OSHA regulations to have a truly first-rate safety culture.”

UTHH: What types of issues plague safety culture in construction today?

Raffi: “Safety professionals used to be called ‘safety cops’ on a jobsite, and in some places they still are. To change the issues that have plagued our industry’s safety culture, we must create a top-down approach that meets a bottom-up, everyday worker.

Safety starts at the top and is everyone’s responsibility. Once we get buy-in from everyone on a jobsite that we are each responsible for each other’s safety, I believe that culture starts to change and leads by example.”

UTHH: Any hot takes about current processes that could use a revamp?

Raffi: “My hot take on Stop Work Authority (SWA: a work procedure that gives employees the right to completely halt work when they identify a safety hazard) is that it needs to be dumped in the trash, and turned into a stop work obligation.

You don’t just have the right to stop work for unsafe behaviors, you have the obligation to. It’s your obligation to make me stop when you see me risking my life, it’s your obligation to my parents, to my wife, to my kids. They didn’t sign up to lose their father today, they didn’t sign up to live a life without me, because I was trying to save five minutes, all your colleagues didn’t sign up to witness a fatality today, or work at a place that has lost coworkers and friends. It’s all our obligation to protect each other.”

UTHH: Which types of technology (if any!) have contributed to bettering safety culture in construction?

Raffi: “We have seen technology significantly improve worker safety over the last few years, from apps that simplify training and education, to tools with technology to stop a blade or power down in an emergency. Some companies have adopted the use of exoskeletons on job sites to decrease muscle effort, ladder companies that created products to alert you when someone falls, and wearable sensors to track heart rate, body temp, perspiration, vibration, among many others. This area will continue to change rapidly over the coming years.”

UTHH: What can businesses do to improve safety culture in their workplace?

Raffi: “Simply empowering your workers and your teams can go a long way. Creating an internal safety and health committee is a good place to start. Investing in an incentive program will also help build a gamification approach. Where we once thought that safety incentives would encourage underreporting, it actually turned out that workers started to behave more safely.”

UTHH: Is it a masculinity or “toughness” thing that gets in the way of safety culture?

Raffi: “The same things that make so many construction workers great at their jobs, the toughness, the perseverance, the resilience, are the same things that contribute to a bit of a macho culture. Mental health in the construction space has been looked down on or shrugged off for years, but in the last five years or so, things have gotten exponentially better.”

UTHH: Speaking of mental health, what kind of health would most improve safety on the jobsite?

Raffi: “Since OSHA was enacted in 1970, we’ve spent 55 years focused on safety and how to protect the worker from the neck down. In my opinion, the future of construction safety is actually mental health and psychological safety, which are the things affecting our men and women on and off the job site. On average, in the US, we have over 45k deaths from suicide. That’s about one every 11 minutes. In construction, we have one of the highest rates of death by suicide across any industry, almost 4x higher than the general population.

In any given year, there are approximately 1,000 job site deaths; These are things like falls, electrocutions, trench collapse, etcetera. There are over 5,000 deaths by suicide in construction. Our industry is 5x more likely to lose a life by suicide than an industrial accident. By changing the culture and breaking the stigma, mental health awareness could be one of the biggest opportunities to make a difference in our industry in this century.”

Thanks to Raffi Elchemmas for spending the time to talk to us during such an important week. If you’d like to stay in the loop about construction industry spotlights, subscribe to the newsletter and follow us on LinkedIn!

May 8, 2025
Historical contributions of Mexican construction workers have shaped American infrastructure
Mexican workers have helped shape skylines, raise homes, and keep the construction industry moving across North America. From California to New York, their hands have built communities. On Cinco de Mayo, it’s worth taking a moment to celebrate their incredible contributions and acknowledge the road still ahead.

Quick look:
- Mexican laborers have been a major part of North American construction for over a century, from building railroads to raising skylines today.
- Hispanic workers, particularly those of Mexican origin, now make up over a third of the U.S. construction workforce, helping to fill critical labor shortages.
- Their presence drives productivity and keeps projects on schedule, but they face challenges like workplace safety risks and underrepresentation in leadership.
- This Cinco de Mayo, the industry is called to celebrate its employees’ contributions and invest in safer, more inclusive career paths.
The presence of Mexican workers in North American construction

Walk onto almost any construction site in the U.S., chances are, you’ll find a strong, skilled crew with deep Mexican roots. Today, Hispanic workers make up nearly 34% of the American construction workforce, and in states like California, Texas, and New Mexico, that number is even higher. Mexican immigrants, in particular, form a large part of this group, bringing expertise and a strong work ethic that’s become a backbone to the industry.

Historical contributions of Mexican workers

Long before they became a major part of today’s construction workforce, Mexican laborers were laying the groundwork. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, they built railroads, roads, and critical infrastructure across the U.S. Their work helped connect cities and support the country’s rapid industrial expansion.

During World War II, the Bracero Program brought millions of Mexican workers to the U.S. to meet labor shortages, particularly in agriculture and infrastructure. Many of these workers transitioned into construction jobs, helping shape postwar America from the ground up. Though often left out of mainstream historical narratives, their contributions were vital to the country’s growth, and they deserve recognition not just for what they built, but for how they helped create a better future.

Economic impact of immigrant workers on the industry

With fewer younger workers entering the trades, immigrant labor has helped bridge the gap. Their impact is especially clear in residential construction, where Hispanic workers, many of Mexican origin, make up a large share of the crews building homes and multi-unit developments. The highest percentages of hispanic workers are found in the southwest states such as California, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. These states have over 40% of an hispanic workforce.

Challenges faced by Mexican workers

While Mexican workers have helped build the backbone of the industry, they often face serious challenges on the job. One of the biggest concerns is workplace safety. Hispanic construction workers experience higher rates of fatal injuries than their non-Hispanic peers. Language barriers, limited access to safety training, and high-risk assignments all contribute to these alarming numbers.

Another issue is representation in leadership. Despite making up a large portion of the workforce, Mexican and Hispanic workers remain underrepresented in management and supervisory roles. This gap limits not only individual career growth but also the industry’s ability to benefit from diverse perspectives.

The current political climate under President Trump’s administration has introduced additional hurdles. Policies emphasizing mass deportations and increased immigration enforcement have created an atmosphere of fear and uncertainty among immigrant workers. Reports indicate that heightened ICE raids and the threat of deportation have led to absenteeism and decreased workforce participation in the construction sector, exacerbating existing labor shortages. In states like Texas, where the construction industry heavily relies on immigrant labor, industry leaders have expressed concerns that mass deportations could devastate the sector, leading to unfinished projects and increased housing costs.

Bottom line

Mexican workers have helped shape the construction industry for generations. Their contributions run deep, but so do the challenges they continue to face, from unsafe job conditions and language barriers to underrepresentation in leadership.

This Cinco de Mayo, recognizing their impact means standing up for safer job sites, fairer policies, and opportunities that empower all workers, regardless of where they’re from. When the people who build our communities are protected and respected, the entire industry stands on stronger ground.

Want more stories that spotlight the people shaping construction? Subscribe to our newsletter for industry news, expert insights, and features that celebrate the workers who keep North America building.
May 5, 2025